Chemflexx DOA Overview

Chemflexx DOA is The Chemical Company (TCC) brand for Dioctyl adipate (DOA) plasticizer. DOA is an ester of 2-ethylhexanol and adipic acid. It is a low-toxicity, biodegradable, light colored, oily liquid generally used as a plasticizer for PVC. The compound is sometimes blended with other plasticizers such as DOP and DOTP.

Chemflexx DOA features flexibility at low temperatures, good electrical properties, resistance to weathering, and good stability to heat. The product is used to manufacture clear food packaging films, children's toys, wire and cable.

Plasticizer Overview
Plasticizers are polymer additives that serve to increase the polymer's flexibility, elongation and ease of processing. In other words, they make the polymer more workable. In technical terms, the addition of a plasticizer generally causes a reduction in the cohesive intermolecular forces along polymer chains. The chains can then move more freely relative to one another, hence reducing the stiffness of the polymer.

The use of plasticizers began in the mid 1860s when castor oil was added to Cellulose Nitrate. The most commonly measured physical effects include melt viscosity, elasticity modulus, and the glass transition temperature. Other types of plasticizers have been used through the years, but in the late 1930s, phthalates were introduced because they were believed to be less toxic. The two most common plasticizers used today are di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-isononyl phthalate (DINP). Both of which are generally used in the manufacture of PVC related products.

The Phthalate Plasticizer Market
In 1999, the global volume of plasticizers was approximately 10 billion lbs., or about $5 billion, The market has had an average yearly growth rate of 2-3 percent.

Of these plasticizers, standard phthalate esters comprise over 85 percent of the tonnage produced every year. Phthalates command the market due to their low cost, ease of use and availability. Other common plasticizers include adipates, polymerics and trimellitates.

Over 90 percent of plasticizer volume goes into flexible PVC applications. Plasticized PVC polymer is found in a wide variety of products including food packaging, construction materials, toys, and medical devices. Yet PVC in its "true" form is a hard, brittle polymer used in PVC pipe for the construction industry.

About Chemflexx DOA

The Chemical Company's (TCC) Chemflexx DOA (Di-2-ethylhexyl adipate or DOA) is a plasticizer with a wide range of applications.

Chemflexx DOA is flexible at low temperatures, features good electrical properties as well as resistance to weathering and stability to heat. The light colored, oily liquid is used to manufacture clear films for food packaging applications. Additionally, the product is compatible with nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, most synthetic rubbers, and cellulose acetate butyrate. Short chain esters are used as high-boiling, biodegradable, low-toxicity solvents and antiperspirants. Long chain esters of adipic acid are used as lubricants for the functions of stability, superior lubricity, corrosion protection, biodegradability, and excellent perform ace at both high and low temperatures. Adipic acid esters are used as low-temperature-resistant and low-viscosity plasticizers for polymers and cellulose esters.

Applications using Chemflexx DOA

Chemflexx DOA is used in the manufacturing of clear films for food packaging, children's toys, wire and cable. Additionally, it is compatible with nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, most synthetic rubbers, and high-butyryl cellulose acetate butyrate. As a short chain ester, it is incorporated in the production of high-boiling, biodegradable, low-toxicity solvents and antiperspirants.

Product Specification - Chemflexx DOA

Product	Chemflexx DOA
CAS#	103-23-1
Molecular Formula	C22H42O4
Synomyms	DiOctyl Adipate, Di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, DEHA

Property Specification

Property	Specification
Purity [Ester Content %]	>99.5
Resuidual Alcohol [ppm]	<100
Specific Gravity [@20°C]	0.925-0.929
Acidity [parent acid %]	<0.010
Appearance	Clear, free of suspended matter
Color, [Pt-Co]	<15
Moisture Content [wt. %]	<0.05
Flash Point [°C]	206
Fire Point [°C]	242
Viscosity [cP @ 68°C]	12.96

Material Safety Data Sheet

Section 1: PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

PRODUCT NAME	Chemflexx DOA
SYNONYMS	DI-2-ETHYLHEXYL ADIPATE, DI-OCTYL ADIPATE, BIS (2-ETHYLHEXYL) ADIPATE, DOA, DEHA
PRODUCT CODES	0101352

MANUFACTURER	The Chemical Company
ADDRESS	19 Narragansett Avenue Jamestown, RI 02835

EMERGENCY PHONE	401-423-3100
OTHER CALLS	401-423-3100

CHEMICAL NAME	DI-2-ETHYLHEXYL ADIPATE, BIS (2-ETHYLHEXYL) ADIPATE
CHEMICAL FAMILY	ORGANIC ESTER
CHEMICAL FORMULA	C₂₂H₄₂O₄
CAS NUMBER	103-23-1
PRODUCT USE	PLASTICIZER
PREPARED BY	CHEMCIALS BUSINESS GROUP

Section 2: COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

INGREDIENT:
CAS NUMBER:	% WT	% VOL	SARA 313 REPORTABLE
103-23-1	>99		NM
	PPM	MG/M3

OSHA PEL-TWA	NM
OSHA PEL-STEL	NM
OSHA PEL-CEILING	NM

ACGIH TLV-TWA	NM
ACGIH TLV-STEL	NM
ACGIH TLV CEILING	NM

Section 3: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
ROUTES OF ENTRY
EYES	LOW HAZARD FOR USUAL INDUSTRIAL OR COMMERCIAL HANDLING BY TRAINED PERSONNEL.
SKIN	LOW HAZARD FOR USUAL INDUSTRIAL OR COMMERCIAL HANDLING BY TRAINED PERSONNEL.
INGESTION	EXPECTED TO BE A LOW INGESTION HAZARD
INHALATION	LOW HAZARD FOR USUAL INDUSTRIAL OR COMMERCIAL HANDLING BY TRAINED PERSONNEL.
ACUTE HEALTH HAZARDS	NM
CHRONIC HEALTH HAZARDS	NM
MEDICAL CONDITIONS GENERALLY AGGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE	NM

CARCINOGENICITY
OSHA	NM
ACGIH	NM
NTP	NM
IARC	NM
OTHER	NM

Section 4: FIRST AID MEASURES

EYES	ANY MATERIAL THAT CONTACTS THE EYE SHOULD BE WASHED OUT IMMEDIATELY WITH WATER. IF EASY TO DO REMOVE CONTACT LENSES. GET MEDICAL ATTENTION IF SYMPTOMS PERSIST.
SKIN	WASH WITH SOAP AND WATER. GET MEDICAL ATTENTION IF SYMPTOMS PERSIST.
INGESTION	SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE
INHALATION	IF SYMPTOMATIC MOVE VICTIM TO FRESH AIR. GET MEDICAL ATTENTION IF SYMPTOMS PERSIST.

Section 5: FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES

FLAMMABLE LIMITS IN AIR	UPPER: NM
(% BY VOLUME)	LOWER 468oF / 242oC 0.38% VOLUME

FLASH POINT:
°F	402
°C	206
METHOD USED	COC

AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE	D2155
°F	710
°C	377

NFPA HAZARD CLASSIFICATION:
HEALTH: 0	FLAMMABILITY: 1	REACTIVITY: 0
OTHER:

HMIS HAZARD CLASSIFICATION:
HEALTH: 1	FLAMMABILITY: 1	REACTIVITY: 0
PROTECTION:

EXTINGUISHING METHOD	WATER SPRAY,DRY CHEMICAL, CO2, FOAM
SPECIAL FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES	WEAR SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS AND PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. WATER OR FOAM MAY CAUSE FROTHING WHICH CAN BE VIOLENT AND POSSIBLY ENDANGER THE LIFE OF THE FIRE FIGHTER.
UNUSAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS	NONE
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS	CARBON MONOXIDE, CARBON DIOXIDE

Section 6: ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

ABSORB SPILL WITH VERMICULITE OR OTHER INERT MATERIAL, THEN PLACE IN A CONTAINER FOR CHEMICAL WASTE.
FOR LARGER SPILLS FLUSH THE SPILL AREA WITH WATER SPRAY. PREVENT RUNOFF FROM ENTERING DRAINS, SEWERS, OR STREAMS.

Section 7: HANDLING AND STORAGE

HANDLING AND STORAGE	NO SPECIAL PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE SHOULD BE NEEDED UNDER ANTICIPATED CONSITIONS OF USE. KEEP CONTAINER CLOSED.
OTHER PRECAUTIONS	KEEP FROM CONTACT WITH OXIDIZING MATERIALS

Section 8: EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

ENGINEERING CONTROLS
VENTILATION	GOOD GENERAL VENTILATION SHOULD BE USED. SUPPLEMENTARY LOCAL EXHAUST VENTILATION, CLOSED SYSTEMS OR RESPIRATORY PROTECTION MAY BE NEEDED IN SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES SUCH AS POORLY VENTILATED SPACES, EVAPORATING FROM LARGE SURFACES, SPRAYING, HEATING, ETC.
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION	NONE SHOULD BE NEEDED
EYE PROTECTION	IT IS GOOD INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE TO MINIMIZE EYE CONTACT
SKIN PROTECTION	IT IS GOOD INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE TO MINIMIZE SKIN CONTACT
OTHER PROTECTIVE CLOTHING OR EQUIPMENT	NM
WORK HYGIENIC GUIDELINES	NA
EXPOSURE GUIDELINES	NA

Section 9: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

APPEARANCE	COLORLESS
ODOR	SLIGHT
PHYSICAL STATE	LIQUID
pH AS SUPPLIED	NM
pH (OTHER)	NM
BOILING POINT	782°F	417°C
MELTING POINT	<134°F	<70°C
FREEZING POINT	-76°F
VAPOR PRESSURE (MM HG)	0.00000055 MBAR @ 20&degC
VAPOR DENSITY (AIR=1)	12.8
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (H20=1)	0.927 @ 20°C
EVAPORATION RATE	NEGLIGIBLE
BASIS	(=1)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER	NEGLIGIBLE
PERCENT SOLIDS BY WEIGHT	NA
PERCENT VOLATILE	MN
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
VISCOSITY	12.96 Cp	68°F

Section 10: STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

STABLE	X	UNSTABLE
STABILITY
CONDITIONS TO AVOID (STABILITY)		TEMPERATURES ABOVE THE BOILING
IMCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID)		AVOID CONTACT WITH STRONG OXIDIZERS
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION OR BY-PRODUCTS		NA
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION		WILL NOT OCCUR
CONDITIONS TO AVOID (POLYMERIZATION)		NA

Section 11: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION	GENERAL: DEHA WAS ADMINISTERED TO RATS AND MICE IN A LIFETIME BIOASSY SPONSORED BY THE US NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM (NTP). EXTREMELY HIGH FEED CONCENTRATIONS (12,000 AND 25,000 PPM) CAUSED AN INCREASE INCIDENCE OF LIVER TUMORS IN FEMALE MICE ONLY. PREVIOUS LONG-TERM STUDIES IN RATS AND DOGS DID NOT DETECT TUMORS. FURTHER STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT THE LIVER TUMORS IN MICE PROBABLY AROSE FROM DEHA’S EFFECT ON LIVER BIOCHEMISTRY. THESE CHANGES MAY NOT OCCUR IN HUMANS. THEREFORE IN THE ABSENCE OF THESE LIVER EFFECTS AND SINCE DEHA IS NOT GENOTOXIC, DEHA PROBABLY REPRESENTS A NEGLIGIBLE CARCINOGENIC RISK TO HUMAS AT EXPOSURE LEVELS TYPICAL OF OCCUPATIONAL OR CONSUMER USE.
	ACUTE TOXICITY DATA: ORAL LD-50 (RAT): 9.1 G/KG INHALATION LC-50: NM DERMAL LD-50 (RABBIT): VERY SLIGHT SKIN SENSITIZATION (GUINEA PIG): NONE EYE IRRITATION (RABBIT): VERY SLIGHT
	SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY DATA
	ORAL STUDY (1 MONTH RAT): LOEL = 2.5% IN DIET (REDUCED BODY WEIGHT GAIN)
	ORAL STUDY (2 MONTHS DOG): NOAEL 2000 MG/KG/DAY (REDUCED FEED INTAKE) (ONLY DOSE TESTED)
	CHRONIC TOXICITY
	ORAL STUDY (2 YEARS, RAT) LOEL = 2.5% IN DIET (REDUCED BODY WEIGHT GAIN) (REDUCED FEED INTAKE): NOEL = 0.5% IN DIET
	ORAL STUDY (1 YEAR DOG): NOEL = 75MG/KG/DAY (HIGHEST DOSE TESTED)
	DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY DATA: ORAL STUDY (RAT):NOEL FOR TERATOGENICITY = 1080 MG/KG/DAY (HIGHEST DOSE TESTED); LOEL FOR MATERNAL TOXICITY = 1080 MG/KG/DAY; NOEL FOR MATERNAL TOXICITY = 170 MG/KG/DAY
	MUTAGENICITY/GENOTOXICITY DATA:
	CELL TRANSFORMATION ASSAY: NEGATIVE (+/- ACTIVATION) MOUSE LYMPHOMA ASSAY: NEGATIVE MOUSE MICRONUCLEAS ASSAY:NEGATIVE SALMONELLA TYPHIMURTUM ASSAY (AMES TEST): NEGATIVE (+/- ACTIVATION) UNSCHEDULED DNA SYNTHESIS (UDS) ASSAY: NEGATIVE

Section 12: ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

INTRODUCTION: THIS ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS SUMMARY IS WRITTEN TO ASSIST IN ADDRESSING EMERGENCIES CREATED BY AN ACCIDENTAL SPILL WHICH MIGHT OCCUR DURING THE SHIPMENT OF THIS MATERIAL, AND, IN GENERAL, IS NOT MEANT TO ADDRESS DISCHARGES TO SANITARY SEWERS OR PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS.

SUMMARY: DATA FOR THIS MATERIAL HAVE BEEN USED TO ESTIMATE ITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT. IT HAS THE FOLLOWING PROPERTIES: A HIGH POTENTIAL TO AFFECT SOME AQUATIC ORGANISMS, A HIGH POTENTIAL TO BIODEGRADE (LOW PERSISTENCE) WITH UNACCLIMATED MICROORGANISMS FROM ACTIVATED SLUDGE, A LOW POTENTIAL TO PERSIST IN THE ENVIRONMENT, A LOW POTENTIAL TO BIOCONCENTRATE. AFTER DILUTION WITH A LARGE AMOUNT OF WATER, FOLLOWED BY SECONDARY WASTE TREATMENT, THIS MATERIAL IS NOT EXPECTED TO CAUSE ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTLA EFFECTS.

OXYGEN DEMAND DATA: BOD-5 AND BOD-20 WERE NOT DETERMINED BECAUSE THE AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY OF THE TEST ARTICLE WAS BELWO THAT WHICH IS REQUIRED FOR THESE TESTS.

THOD: 2.63 G OXYGEN/G

ACUTE AQUATIC EFFECTS DATA:

96-H LC-50 (BLUEGILL SUNFISH): NOEC >0.78 MG/L (LIMIT OF SOLUBILITY IN FRESH WATER)

96-H LC-50 (FATHEAD MINNOW): NOEC >0.78 MG/L (LIMIT OF SOLUBILITY IN FRESH WATER)

96-H LC-50 (RAINBOW TROUT): NOEC >0.78 MG/L (LIMIT OF SOLUBILITY IN FRESH WATER)

48-H EC-50 (DAPHNID): 0.66 MG/L

ACUTE ALGA EFFECTS:

96-H LC-50 (SELENASTRUM CAPRICOMUTUM): NOEC >0.78 MG/L (LIMIT OF SOLUBILITY IN FRESH WATER)

CHRONIC AQUATIC EFFECTS DATA: 21-D DAPHNID SURVIALA AND REPRODUCTION TEST:
MATC: 0.024-0.052 MG/L
BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR: BLUEGILL SINFISH: 27

BIODEGRADATION: 67-75% OF THIS MATERIAL WAS REMOVED AS MEASURED BY BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD) OVER 28 DAYS

Section 13: DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD	DISCHARGE, TREATMENT, OR DISPOSAL MAY BE SUBJECT TO NATIONAL, STATE, OR LOCAL LAWS. INCINERATE.
RCRA HAZARD CLASS	NM

Section 14: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

US DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROPER SHIPPING NAME:
HAZARD CLASS	NOT REGULATED
ID NUMBER	NM
PACKING GROUP	NM
LABEL STATEMENT	NM

WATER TRANSPORTATION	IMDG
PROPER SHIPPING NAME
HAZARD CLASS	NOT REGULATED
ID NUMBER	NM
PACKING GROUP	NM
LABEL STATEMENT

AIR TRANSPORTATION	ICAO
PROPER SHIPPING NAME
HAZARD CLASS	NOT REGULATED
ID NUMBER	NM
PACKING GROUP	NM
LABEL STATEMENT	NM

OTHER AGENCIES

Section 15: REGULATORY INFORMATION

US FEDERAL REGULATIONS
TSCA (TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL ACT)
CERCLA (COMPREHENSIVE RESPONSE COMPENSATION AND LIABILITY ACT)
SARA TITLE III (SUPERFUND AMENDMENTS AND REAUTHORIZATION ACT)
311/312 HAZARD CATEGORIES	NOT APPLICABLE
313 REPORTABLE INGREDIENTS	NONE
STATE REGULATIONS	CA PROP 65 – CANCER – NONE KNOWN CA PROP 65 – REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS – NONE KNOWN
INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS	CEPA / DSL - LISTED EINECS – LISTED AICS – LISTED JHNEC - LISTED

Shipping & Ordering Information

TCC's Chemflexx DOA is available for shipping throughout the continental United States with one (1) week lead time. Please call (401) 423-3100 for details. The product is delivered in metal drums, totes, bulk containers and in bulk tank trucks and rail cars.

Contact
The Chemical Company 19 Narragansett Ave. Post Office Box 436 Jamestown, RI 02835-0436
Telephone	(401) 423-3100
FAX	(401) 423-3102
Robert N. Roach III "Robb" President
Cell	(401) 864-3111
Email	robb@thechemco.com

Chemflexx DOAC22H42O4