Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) is a white, crystalline inorganic compound and powerful oxidizing agent with the molecular formula NH₄ClO₄ and CAS number 7790-98-9. It is the salt of perchloric acid and ammonia. Ammonium Perchlorate is primarily used as the oxidizer in the manufacture of solid fuel rocket propellants, and also finds application in explosives, pyrotechnics, etching and engraving, and analytical chemistry.
Ammonium Perchlorate is typically supplied as a white crystalline solid or powder and is available in bulk quantities and custom packaging options depending on application requirements.
Contact The Chemical Company for current packaging options, lead times and supply chain updates.
Ammonium Perchlorate (NH₄ClO₄) is a colorless, odorless, inorganic crystalline compound. It imparts a bitter and salty taste to water. Ammonium perchlorate does not readily burn on its own, but will burn if contaminated by combustible materials. When powdered into particles smaller than 15 microns in diameter, or when powdered into larger particles that are thoroughly dried, ammonium perchlorate is classified as a Division 1.1 explosive and must be handled and transported accordingly.
As a powerful oxidizing agent, ammonium perchlorate is the most widely used oxidizer in composite solid propellants for rockets and missiles, where it is combined with a fuel binder and metal powder such as aluminum to produce a high-energy propellant mixture. Its high oxygen content, stability, and predictable burn characteristics make it the preferred oxidizer for aerospace and defense propulsion systems.
Ammonium perchlorate is considered acutely toxic. It can be harmful if swallowed, causes serious eye and skin irritation, and may cause respiratory tract irritation if dust is inhaled. It is also a known thyroid disruptor at elevated exposure levels. Appropriate personal protective equipment and handling procedures must be observed at all times.
Ammonium perchlorate is produced commercially by the reaction of ammonium hydroxide or ammonia with perchloric acid, or by the double decomposition of sodium perchlorate with ammonium chloride.
Ammonium Perchlorate is used across several industries and applications, including:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Ammonium Perchlorate |
| CAS Number | 7790-98-9 |
| Molecular Formula | NH₄ClO₄ |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid or powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Solubility | Soluble in water |
| Melting Point | 200°C (decomposes) |
| Density | 1.95 g/cm³ |
| Explosive Classification | Division 1.1 (when powdered <15 microns or thoroughly dried) |
| Stability | Strong oxidizer; incompatible with combustible materials, reducing agents, and strong acids |
Ammonium Perchlorate is available in a range of packaging formats to meet your operational needs. Custom packaging and supply solutions are available based on your application and volume requirements.
Contact The Chemical Company for current packaging options, lead times, and supply chain updates.
Ammonium Perchlorate is primarily used as the oxidizer in solid fuel rocket propellants for aerospace and defense applications. It is also used in explosives, pyrotechnic formulations, etching and engraving agents, airbag inflators, and as a reagent in analytical chemistry.
Ammonium Perchlorate does not readily burn on its own, but is classified as a Division 1.1 explosive when powdered into particles smaller than 15 microns in diameter or when thoroughly dried into larger particles. It is a powerful oxidizer and will burn if contaminated by combustible materials. It must be handled, stored, and transported in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements.
The CAS number for Ammonium Perchlorate is 7790-98-9.
Yes. Ammonium Perchlorate is considered acutely toxic. It can be harmful if swallowed, causes serious eye and skin irritation, and may cause respiratory tract irritation if dust is inhaled. It is also a known thyroid disruptor at elevated exposure levels. Appropriate personal protective equipment and safe handling procedures must be observed at all times.
Ammonium Perchlorate is produced commercially by the reaction of ammonium hydroxide or ammonia with perchloric acid, or by double decomposition of sodium perchlorate with ammonium chloride.
Ammonium Perchlorate is available in custom packaging formats depending on your application and volume requirements. Contact The Chemical Company for current packaging options, lead times, and supply chain updates.
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